Global Warming Essay

Global warming pertains to the increase in temperature of the atmosphere based on the entrapment of gases that are emitted from activities on the surface of the earth. The increase in temperature is a direct result of the greenhouse effect, which involves heat that originated from the sun, which is entrapped within the atmosphere due to several factors. Scientists have determined that the atmosphere’s temperature has increased since the industrial revolution, which has maximized the use of chemicals in manufacturing various kinds of materials in industry. There are four principal gases that have been identified to be primarily responsible for the onset of global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is accountable for approximately half of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Pearson and Palmer, 2000). This gas is a by-product of fossil fuel combustion, which involves burning of coal, natural gas and oil. It is also generated from deforestation activities, which have increased for expansion of industrialization areas. Trees utilize carbon dioxide in their photosynthetic reactions, but it there are fewer trees in the environment, less CO2 is removed from the atmosphere, leaving the environment with excess amounts of CO2. Another gas that has been determined to be responsible for global warming is chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are the primary constituent of plastics and aerosols, as well as refrigerants in air conditioners. Chlorofluorocarbons make up approximately 25% of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Thirdly, methane gas (CH4), which comprises approximately 12% of the greenhouse gases, is also accountable for global warming. Methane gas is released during the decay of organic matter, as well as in the stomachs of cattle, sheep and termites, yet, most of the gas is currently generated by industrial companies. Lastly, nitrous oxide (N2O) is responsible for approximately 6% of the greenhouse gases. It is a by-product of industries, as well as nitrogen fertilizers, volcanic eruptions and livestock manure. Global warming may result in regional changes in the weather, which will be more obvious if the weather were compared from one decade to another, and not on a daily basis. However, scientists have hypothesized that when the temperature of the surface of the earth has reached a highly critical level, such high temperature will cause severe and drastic changes to the atmosphere, affecting the oceans and will severely alter the weather patterns in a matter of years. Changes in the weather may include increasingly hot days and less cool days. The water levels will go down, exposing more land surface during the summer. Even higher latitude regions will be warmer by 40%. In addition, the amount the precipitation, be it rain or snow, will also increase, in the form of stronger storms and very intense typhoons and hurricanes. The El Nino events may also be more increase due to global warming. Global warming not only affects the weather, but it will also affect natural habitats. Higher levels of CO2 may facilitate the growth of forests, facilitating them to flourish and bloom. The warmer ocean waters will be helpful to fish and algae in the high seas. However, those organisms in higher elevations will find difficulty in surviving in warmer environments. Higher temperatures in oceans may kill corals, which are the nurseries for fishes and other aquatic organisms. For the human population, global warming may cause more incidents of infectious diseases such malaria, as well as systemic health problems such as heat stroke and respiratory diseases. Currently, the world is confused as society is ignorant of the detailed effects of global warming. Society is aware the summers are now longer and more intense and winters are envious of summer’s wrath, unleashing a fury that rivals the intensity of the heat. This is actually what global warming does. It confuses the world and now currently has also succeeded in confounding scientists. From a scientific point of view, global warming can be understood as a global environmental phenomenon which is characterized by an increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans (Smith and Reynolds, 2005). There is certainly no doubt that global warming has a very detrimental effect on the environment as it causes rising sea levels and alters the amount and pattern of precipitation that areas all over the world get. These environmental changes are also the projected causes of other ecological changes such as increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events which in turn creates changes in agricultural yields, glacier retreat, reduced summer stream flows, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors. Based on the current scientific projections, the temperature of the world is expected to increase by 1. 1 to 6. 4  °C (2. 0 to 11. 5  °F) between the years 1990 and 2100. While most of the studies and projection models that have been utilized for these estimates cover the period up to the year 2100, global temperature warming and sea level rise are expected to continue for more than a millennium even if no further greenhouse gases are released after this date (Haigh, 2003). This is due to the melting of the polar ice caps which is estimated to continue due to the changes that have already occurred in the world’s temperature. One proposal to answer to the problem of global warming is a lot simpler in theory than it is in practice. Given the rate of economic growth of many of the developing countries and the shift of production to the lesser developed countries, the implementation of any global protocols is easier to imagine than to implement (Torn and Harte, 2006). Greenhouse gases, which are cited as one of the main causes of global warming, are most commonly emitted from the highly industrialized countries and the less developed countries which rely heavily on industrial machinery for production. The problem in this scenario is that by cutting back on the emission of greenhouse gases, a majority of the world’s production of most major goods will be affected. The economic costs not to mention the technological impediments that preventing the shift to more environmentally friendly methods make the reduction of these greenhouse gases extremely difficult (Rudiman, 2005). There have been steps that have been taken to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases. In order to address the situation of global warming, many countries have participated in the world’s primary international agreement on combating global warming which is the Kyoto Protocol. An amendment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol binds signatory countries to reduce their emissions of CO2 and five other greenhouse gases. In the alternative, it allows these countries to engage in emissions trading if they are able to maintain or increase emissions of these gases. The problem with this protocol, however, is that it exempts developing countries from meeting emission standards in Kyoto. Some of the countries that have been excluded from this list are China and India, who are ranked as the second and third largest emitters of CO2, behind the United States. It is clear therefore that even despite these actions much more work is needed in order to address the problem. The implementation of international protocols and requiring countries to meet certain environmental standards is certainly a big step towards addressing this issue. More intergovernmental cooperation is also another prospective answer to this problem. The more developed countries should also take the lead in encouraging the shift away from more traditional methods of production towards more environmentally friendly methods through the award of grants and exchange of technology (Torn and Harte, 2006). The creation of a body that is designed to not only specifically develop policies regarding this issue but also be given the power to enforce these policies will allow for the more efficient reduction of these greenhouse gases. It is unclear just how effective these policies may be but the fact that is clear is that in order to address this issue, each and every person in the world must take part in reducing the emission of these greenhouse gases which is the main cause of this problem (Gore, 2006). Simple steps such as taking the public transport or walking instead of taking carbon monoxide emitting vehicles will go a long way. There are many things that people can do in order to contribute to the improvement of the current environmental condition. It does not take a lot and it all starts with the awareness of the gravity of the situation. While the general scientific consensus is that global warming is real and its overall effects are detrimental, there are still some prominent scientists who feel that the severe effects of global warming have been sensationalized. Certain members of society take the idea of global warming with the normal temperature and that the temperature of the surface of the Earth has not severely increased over the last one hundred years. They claim that the temperature data collected in the 1970’s were taken in urbanized areas using different kinds of thermometers, hence the temperature readings were influenced by human error and do not precisely show drastic temperature changes in the surface of the Earth as well as in the oceans. It is therefore important the satellite data be acquired for the coming next decades in order to generate robust and reliable temperature readings that society and the scientific world will acceptable without any doubts on its credibility and efficiency. It is also of prime importance that scientific and legislative bodies prove that global warming does actually occur as a result of carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. Geological scientists have gather substantial fossil evidence that prove that carbon dioxide concentrations have increased on the surface of the Earth, which thus results in a warmer surface, but the direct connection between the increase in carbon dioxide and the temperature increase at the actual in situ settings should still be observed. Most of the information and generalizations that scientists have collected were based on laboratory conditions where most of the components of the setup were easily regulated and controlled, such as humidity and temperature. There are currently a number of models that may be used in forecasting average surface temperatures on the Earth, but there is still a need to also design a model that could predict the amount of human-made emissions that could trigger the same features that cause global warming. There is quite a huge number of people in society that still do not understand the climate changes and what triggers such disturbances in our current weather. Every country is now aware of the causes and effects of global warming on the ecosystem. There has been great speculation that global warming is both a natural and a man-made phenomenon. Whatever the cause is, it is imperative that every citizen understands what global warming is and what measures can be taken in order to minimize, avoid or prevent the increase in accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. References Gore A (2006): An inconvenient truth: The planetary emergency of global warming and what we can do about it. Rodale Books. Haigh JD (2003): The effects of solar variability on the Earth’s climate. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 361(1802):91-111. Lean JL, Wang YM and Sheeley NR (2002): The effect of increasing solar activity on the Sun’s total and open magnetic flux during multiple cycles: Implications for solar forcing of climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(24):2224. Rudiman W (2005): How Did Humans First Alter Global Climate? Sci. Am. , March 2005 issue. Smith TM and Reynolds RW (2005): A global merged land–air–sea surface temperature reconstruction based on historical observations (1880–1997). J. Clim. 18(12): 2021-2036. Torn M and Harte J (2006): Missing feedbacks, asymmetric uncertainties, and the underestimation of future warming. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33(10):L10703. Global Warming Essay Climate scientists tell us that global warming is a very serious matter and the world has to make firm decisions to try to slow the warming and eventually to reverse it. Some politicians agree, but many lack the political will to press for urgent changes. Many scientists believe it is already too late to stop a 2 degree Celsius rise in temperature. Already there have been changes. Extreme weather events are becoming more common. Heat waves have been happening. Famine is worsening in Africa. Sea levels are rising and the Pacific Island countries are desperate for a solution. Glaciers are melting and the rivers in Asia and South America that rely on the glaciers for a steady supply of water for the millions of people downstream are in danger of drying to a trickle. A: It could (someday) destroy the earth and we would all die and there would be nothing living on the earth! A: Global warming causes an increase and decrease in temperatures in the world. Some cities will experience a hotter climate, some would experience a colder climate. This generally affects the habitat, ecosystem, ocean water levels, etc. In other words, a little increase in temperature would have a disastrous effect for residents living near/on coastal regions. This would mean flooding and also playing an influential factor as to the organisms that survive within a temperature/pH (power of Hydrogen) range, resulting in possible extinction. because polar bears enjoy life not death in the cold ocean†¦.Climate scientists tell us that global warming is a very serious matter and the world has to make firm decisions to try to slow the warming and eventually to reverse it. Some politicians agree, but many lack the political will to press for urgent changes. Many scientists believe it is already too late to stop a 2 degree Celsius rise in temperature. Already there have been changes. Extreme weather events are becoming more common. Heat waves have been happening. Famine is worsening in Africa. Sea levels are rising and the Pacific Island countries are desperate for a  solution. Glaciers are melting and the rivers in Asia and South America that rely on the glaciers for a steady supply of water for the millions of people downstream are in danger of drying to a trickle. A: It could (someday) destroy the earth and we would all die and there would be nothing living on the earth! A: Global warming causes an increase and decrease in temperatures in the world. Some cities will experience a hotter climate, some would experience a colder climate. This generally affects the habitat, ecosystem, ocean water levels, etc. In other words, a little increase in temperature would have a disastrous effect for residents living near/on coastal regions. This would mean flooding and also playing an influential factor as to the organisms that survive within a temperature/pH (power of Hydrogen) range, resulting in possible extinction. because polar bears enjoy life not death in the cold ocean†¦.Climate scientists tell us that global warming is a very serious matter and the world has to make firm decisions to try to slow the warming and eventually to reverse it. Some politicians agree, but many lack the political will to press for urgent changes. Many scientists believe it is already too late to stop a 2 degree Celsius rise in temperature. Already there have been changes. Extreme weather events are becoming more common. Heat waves have been happening. Famine is worsening in Africa. Sea levels are rising and the Pacific Island countries are desperate for a solution. Glaciers are melting and the rivers in Asia and South America that rely on the glaciers for a steady supply of water for the millions of people downstream are in danger of drying to a trickle. A: It could (someday) destroy the earth and we would all die and there would be nothing living on the earth! A: Global warming causes an increase and decrease in temperatures in the world. Some cities will experience a hotter climate, some would experience a colder climate. This generally affects the habitat, ecosystem, ocean water levels, etc. In other words, a little increase in temperature would have a disastrous effect for residents living near/on coastal regions. This would mean flooding and also playing an influential factor as to the organisms that survive within a temperature/pH (power of  Hydrogen) range, resulting in possible extinction. because polar bears enjoy life not death in the cold ocean†¦.Climate scientists tell us that global warming is a very serious matter and the world has to make firm decisions to try to slow the warming and eventually to reverse it. Some politicians agree, but many lack the political will to press for urgent changes. Many scientists believe it is already too late to stop a 2 degree Celsius rise in temperature. Already there have been changes. Extreme weather events are becoming more common. Heat waves have been happening. Famine is worsening in Africa. Sea levels are rising and the Pacific Island countries are desperate for a solution. Glaciers are melting and the rivers in Asia and South America that rely on the glaciers for a steady supply of water for the millions of people downstream are in danger of drying to a trickle. A: It could (someday) destroy the earth and we would all die and there would be nothing living on the earth! A: Global warming causes an increase and decrease in temperatures in the world. Some cities will experience a hotter climate, some would experience a colder climate. This generally affects the habitat, ecosystem, ocean water levels, etc. In other words, a little increase in temperature would have a disastrous effect for residents living near/on coastal regions. This would mean flooding and also playing an influential factor as to the organisms that survive within a temperature/pH (power of Hydrogen) range, resulting in possible extinction. because polar bears enjoy life not death in the cold ocean†¦ .

Leaving Las Vegas

He lost his family and screenwriting job in Hollywood, because of his non-stop consumption of alcohol.   Ben Sanderson became more and more depressed.   He finally decided to just sell off everything he has got; leave Los Angeles and transfer to Las Vegas.   His intention:   to die drinking alcohol.As he was driving drunk into Las Vegas he decided to check into a motel that he thought reads:   â€Å"The Hole You’re In†Ã‚   [which actually says The Whole Year Inn].   Ben think wryly and cynically how apt the situation is.   Then he almost runs over a prostitute:   Sera.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   They got to know each other because Ben invited Sera to his motel room in exchange for $500.   But Ben did not make love to Sera.   He just wanted to talk.   They became friendly.   They eventually felt enamoured.   However, they decided to create a compact not to change each other’s way and just live happily day by day with no plan for the future.   They both agree.   Ben continues drinking all day long, Sera keeps on being a prostitute.However, as days go by, Sera starts feeling differently about Ben and becomes really concerned.   So she tries to make him eat.   To which Ben refuses and plays unaffected and just berates Sera to remember their agreement.   To top such frustration of Sera, Ben hires another prostitute and brings her to the house of Sera.   This made Sera more than furious and throws Ben out of her house.Days on, Sera receives a call from Ben already dying.   She visits Ben.   And they made love for the first time.   They fall asleep and for a minute Ben awakens seeing Sera on top of him.   Eventually, he breathes his last with Sera still on top of him.Patient Evaluation:Ben Sanderson is prone to depression because the more he indulged in alcoholism because of his life’s failures.   From the onset of the story, he is already experiencing a meltdown, a bridge of no return.Patients stated reason for problemWhat aggravated his high alcohol consumption was his broken marriage and his family disentanglement and his losing his job.History of IllnessNo previous indication of emotional dilemma prior to the family breakup and loss of job.Past Psychiatric illness, treatment, and outcomesNone as indicated in the story.Medical HistoryNone as indicated in the story.Psychosocial History As a professional in Hollywood, Ben Sanderson is seemingly sociable, well connected and enjoyed a fruitful career at an early stage.Drug and Alcohol history Up and until he could not handle the breakdown of his family, he was already an alcoholic.   The more it got worse after his failures in his married life and career.Behavioral Observation The loneliness that has enveloped Ben Sanderson has been so imminent from the beginning of the story.   He easily just talks up any prostitute to join him somewhere.   It was also depicted that his financial resources are always at the ebb.   He had to borrow money from friends for his drinking spree.   The gratuity payment he received from his lost job was for purposes of drinking and drinking only.In one scene with Sera, Ben Sanderson says:   n one You haven't seen the worst of it. I knock things over†¦ throw up all the time. These past few days I've been very controlled. You're like some sort of antidote that mixes with the liquor and keeps me in balance. But, that won't last forever.†Mental States Observation The mere fact that he openly accepts the termination of his boss from his job, he was even thankful for the gracious severance pay.   This is an illustration of being uncaring for one’s future.   But sine he cannot cope with his failure, so Ben Sanderson openly shows he is suicidal.   His purpose of moving to Las Vegas was to die.Functional Assessment The move/story immediately showed a Ben Sanderson already in pieces.   â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.[he] was imploding, rigi d in his attempt to maintain control, to smile when he does not feel a smile, to make banter when he wants to scream. He needs a drink. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. [he is] into the regions of hell. There will be times when he has the DTs, times when he must pour booze into his throat like an antidote to death, times of nausea, blackouts, cuts and bruises. There is a scene in a bank when his hands shake so badly he cannot sign a check, and we empathize with the way he tries to function, telling the bank teller whatever he can think of (â€Å"I've had brain surgery†). Yes, sometimes, he feels better, and sometimes we can sense the charm he must have had (we sense his boss' affection for him even as he's being fired). But for Ben these moments are not about pleasure but about the temporary release from pain.†Ã‚   (Ebert, 2004) StrengthsBen Sanderson is still cognizant of one simple coherent thing in his life:   he needs someone to care for him.   And he needs someone to care for.à ‚   Considering, Sera is the one and only human being in his life in the course of the story, he focuses on her.   Yes, he feels a pure love that is needing and grateful.   He did not even have sex as premium in his mind.   He just simply wants a feeling of belongingness and togetherness.   It is somehow an act of humility that inspite of the suicidal nature of his life, Ben Sanderson exuded even a weebit of dignity by being a needing and concerned human being.Diagnosis Ben Sanderson is borderline depressed andTreatment Psychotherapy will play a major role.   The mere fact that there is still a tinge of lucidness in wanting and needing, Ben Sanderson could very well respond to psychotherapy.   Aid of pharmacological intervention will likewise augment the psychotherapy treatment.Prognosis Sera indeed recommended that Ben sees a doctor which of course Ben refused.   However, had there been a way for the said action been taken, there is very good hope that Ben could have surpassed even the extreme condition of his alcoholism.   Considering that Sera has eventually developed a deep sense of concern and a better prospect for their relationship, it will be a tool to bridge the hope for Ben Sanderson. The DSM-IV CriteriaBen Sanderson experienced clinical disorder that is substance related.   His anxiety disorder is alcohol induced.   The film illustrated clearly as such and the story simply illustrated the basic paradox in humanness in someone who is terminally hopeless.   No myths about mental illnesses was every portrayed or illustrated.References:â€Å"DSM-IVTM   Multiaxial System (Made Easy)†.   Psyweb.comhttp://www.psyweb.com/Mdisord/DSM_IV/jsp/dsm.iv.jspâ€Å"Leaving Las Vegas:   A Review†.   Roger Ebert.   April 25, 2004http://www.rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040425/REVIEWS08/404250302/1023

Persuasive Analysis – Henry’s Speech to the Virginia Convention

Hieu Nguyen Period 1 Persuasive Analysis – Henry's Speech to the Virginia Convention Patrick Henry in the speech, â€Å"Speech to the Virginia Convention† suggest that the American Colonists join his cause to fight against Britain in order to gain liberty. Henry uses many rhetorical devices in order to persuade the audience to join his fight. Some of the devices Henry uses include ethos, logos, pathos, allusions, and so on. Even though most of Henry's logic benefited him in persuading his audience, there were some parts of his logic where he exaggerated too much as well.In the speech to the Virginia Convention, Henry uses the rhetorical devices of ethos, pathos, rhetorical questions, and metaphors to his advantage in winning over the minds of the American colonists. Henry starts his speech by saying â€Å"My. President: No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the House. † He nry uses ethos to set a good image of himself. By saying that he thinks highly of patriotism, people will see his as a good man who knows what he is doing. For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a questions of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. † Henry also uses ethos to make the colonist believe that he is a person who is fighting for the good of freedom. â€Å"I have but on lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of experience. ‘ This is not only a metaphor, but an allusion that appeals to ethos and pathos as well. In metaphorically calling experience a lamp, he is saying that experience will show or â€Å"light† the way for the future.There is a Biblical allusion here to the scripture which that God's word is a â€Å"lamp unto thy feet and a light unto thy path. † This is an appeal to authority (God or the Bible). This is also an appeal to ethos and pat hos because it shows him as a spiritual person (ethos) and it suggests safety and security (pathos). By saying this quote, he has easily swayed the colonist to join him after they hear all the assurance Henry showed. â€Å"Can gentlemen assign any other possible motives for it? Has Great Britain any enemy in this quarter of the world to call for all this accumulation of navies and rmies? No, sir, she has none. † In paragraph 4, Henry uses a series of rhetorical questions then follows each one with a declarative sentence answering his questions. The rhetorical effect is that he emphasizes the military procedures which the British are taking. This creates an appeal to pathos because it evokes fear in the minds of the American colonists, which would bring them to join Henry Even though Henry uses his logic well to persuade the Americans, there are also some parts where he exaggerates as well .One common type of fallacy that Henry uses is an either-or fallacy; either gain indepen dence by war with Britain or forever stay under the manipulation of the British empire. For example, â€Å"For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery†¦ the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate.. It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at truth†¦ † Henry claims that freedom from Britain is the only solution to their problems. By doing so, the audience is more engaged on his side of the agreement and may not see any sense of the argument as a result. There is no retreat but in submission in slavery! Our chains are forged! Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! † Henry's statement only commits the fallacy of only two alternatives. Either America fights in order to obtain freedom, or America submits to being enslaved by the British. â€Å"They tell us, sir, that we are weak – unable to cope with the so formidable an adversary. But when shall we be stronger? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house?Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance, by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot? † This demonstrates an appeal to consequences. Henry, although never outright says it, is trying to say that we are strong enough to fight back. He states this indirectly by asking when we will be strong enough and then he hints at the consequences. Also you can read Rhetorical Devices in Night Walker by Brent StaplesThe consequence would be the result of the colonies not fighting back against Britain in time. He is trying to tell the audience that they need to realize they are strong enough to resist the British, and that if they do not, then they will suffer the consequences. The is over exaggerating since Henry only sets out two choices instead of all the other possible choices there could be. Henry's purpose in the speech to the Virginia Convention was to persuade his audience to join his fight against the British in order to gain liberty and independence.Patrick Henry uses ethos to apply authority and a good image to himself in order to sway the colonist into believing him. He also uses pathos to strike fear into the hearts of the Americans or provide security and hope. But even though Henry sways his audience with his logic, there are certain parts where he exaggerates too much and provides only two possible outcomes. Eith er fight against Britain and gain freedom, or submit and become enslaved. This only gives the audience two things to think about and they do not consider any other outcome.

How sustainable are England Eco-towns from a planning perspective Essay

How sustainable are England Eco-towns from a planning perspective. Support your answers with appropriate examples - Essay Example The original goal was to create 50 such eco-towns in the hope of reducing carbon emissions in the country. This paper tries to assess the sustainability of eco-town proposals. It also hopes to discuss some of the key issues that led to the government’s abandonment of the plan, as well as how such a move has affected planning in the United Kingdom. Like the post war generation, we now need to set out a clear and radical programme to increase housing and to protect the environment as well†¦.As housing accounts for 27 per cent of carbon emissions, we need to substantially cut emissions from new homes and work towards zero carbon housing and development. (Department for Communities and Local Government 2007: 3) Through eco-towns, the UK can start anew, and this time, focus on the highest environmental standards while at the same time taking advantage of a site’s economic potential. This move, the government believes, would bring about a new form of development and ensure sustainable growth. To ensure participation from the communities and the local government, the DCLG enjoined them to submit their proposals for eco-towns. The Ecotowns Prospectus outline the various criteria by which the submissions were judged. To considered an eco-town, proposals must meet five essential requirements: (1) They must be new settlements, separate and distinct from the existing towns but well linked to them. They have to provide at least 5,000 new homes; (2) Each plan must minimize carbon emission and meet exemplar performance in at least one area of environmental sustainability; (3) Proposals must provide for a wide range of social services and facilities within easy reach; (4) 30 to 40% of the homes must be affordable, with emphasis on larger family homes; (5) Plans must set out a management body which will help develop the town and provide assistance to people and businesses wishing to

Britan Industrial Relations Sytem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Britan Industrial Relations Sytem - Essay Example In the 19th century Britain was at the peak of its power it ruled over a huge territory. In fact the whole world. It is the leading industrial and naval power of the 19th century; it led the way in developing parliamentary democracy and in advance literature as well as science. The British industrial relations system has a long history and has gone through much change in recent years. Industrial relations are also known as employee relations. Employee relation is are partly concerned with groups of employees who are represented by trade unions (Ed 2004 p 4). There are three phases in the evolution of employee relations since the end of the World War II, the third one being the partnership approach. Until 1979 (date of the election of the Conservative Party), work relations were based on collective bargaining and collective agreement aiming to determine and regulate, in varying degrees, the terms on which individuals will be employed (Flanders 1968 p35), with a strong voluntarism encouraged massively and informally. The trade unions (basically, it is an association of wage earners, totally independent of employers pressure, who struggle to improve work conditions) had a lot of power and everything was negotiated through deals. A Trade Union, through collective bargaining can force employers to deal with labour as a collective identity, rather than isolated individuals and so, secure better the terms and condition of employment. Nevertheless, in 1979when the conservative party won the election, everything changed. The new government used a lot measures to restrict the role of trade unions. In addition, it introduced an enterprise culture in which individuals and organisations, rather than government, were to be held responsible for economic performance. Thus, as well as rejecting the maintenance of full employment as a major policy objective, they in effect abandoned the commitment of their

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Questions - Essay Example In other words, natural resources (trees and soil) were progressively exchanged, by the islanders, for a range of economic, social, and cultural benefits. They inhabitants of the island then did not balance their needs and those of environmental protection. The archeological makers placed immense pressure on the natural environment such that these demands could not be sustained as discussed above. 3. The problems with Akosombo Dam were related to human migration since people were displaced from their homes. Fertile soils were submerged. The other impacts of the Akosombo Dam and the creation of Lake Volta include the increased occurrence of earthquakes due to readjustments of the Earths crust in response to the enormous weight of additional water in the lake. Thought it was a success story from the other angle, the construction of the dam also had severe impacts on the health of people since cases of diseases such as bilharzias increased. The people who constructed the dam should have started by conducting research so as to establish the impacts of the dam on the people. It was also a good idea to first relocate the people to other areas before commencing the construction of the dam in order to mitigate the severe impacts of poverty that were witnessed later. 4. People we displaced from their homes and their cultural backgrounds were destroyed. This meant that they had to start a new life in other places. The new resettlement areas were characterised by poverty. In short, the moral fabric of the people displaced as a result of the construction of the dam was destroyed. Political poverty is a result of the fact that hydroelectric power is exported to other neighbouring countries while the local communities surrounding the place continue to wallow in poverty. 5. How can we implement environmental ethics in the UAE? Environmental ethics are primarily concerned with our responsibilities as we interact with the

Working Capital Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Working Capital - Research Paper Example If the current asset of the firm was less than the current liabilities, this will mean that the firm has a deficit working capital and the firm will not be in a position to convert its asset into cash even if the company is making profits. (Livingstone 2002) It is defined as the company’s ability to meet its short term obligations. These means that the higher the ratio the more liquid is the firm. The current ratio of a firm is calculated as a current asset divided by the current liabilities, the interpretation on these is that if the current asset of a firm is twice the current liabilities, then the firm is considered to have a significant good short term financial strength. But if the firm’s current asset are less than the current liabilities of the firm, then the result will be a firm having a problem in meeting its short term financial problem. Therefore, looking at the balance sheet of superior company the current ratio is as follows 1.97 in 2001, 1.95 in 2002, 1.83 in 2003 these shows that the company is in a position of meeting its short term financial obligation for the ratio is a positive figure and the current asset are approximately twice the current liabilities. These are short term loan and have a short maturity usually one year or less, in the balance sheet these amounts are indicated along the current liabilities section. They are mainly due within a year, if a company has more short term debt than the cash or investment to cover the bed payment then the firm will be forced to apply for more debt and this will be disadvantageous for the firm financially. (Droms 1990) Based on the presented balance sheet of superior company its short term debts are 1,200 in 2001, 1,300 2002 and 1,450 in 2003. Meaning therefore, the firms short term debt are less than the cash of the company and hence, the company has no intention of acquiring more debt for it is able to finance for the debt it has. These are

Anger Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anger Management - Essay Example There are several factors that influence effects of anger to a person; these include race, sex, cultural and family background, and age. Anger is a two-sided emotion that may be beneficial to an individual (constructive anger) by warning of expected problems, at the same time bring harm (Peacock, Stutman and London, 2000). ADA Americans with Disabilities Act is a civil rights legislation policy that contains stipulated actions concerning the accommodation of individuals possessing any kind of disability in terms of access to judicial system, services, programs, and activities. In this scenario, John can use the ADA to assist him in the circumstances facing his employment. Both anger and emotional swings affecting John are due to the bipolar disorder, which is a mental disability. Such forms of disability are described within the ADA policy to hold ground in any given situation at the workplace, as it appears under the request for accommodation in court proceedings section of the ADA, and this section describes qualified individuals with disabilities. With the evidence from the psychiatrist concerning John’s condition, and the subsequent treatment, there is enough prove that truly John has a mental disability or disorder, which results in mood swing causing negative anger that provokes him to threaten others with violence.

Linguistic Opportunism and English in Moldova Essay

Linguistic Opportunism and English in Moldova - Essay Example The author’s interests are clearly developed and the audience to this piece of work is easy to identify. This paper presents a synopsis of the book, alongside the writer’s intent. This is further compared and contrasted to similar and related literature referenced in the book. The book presents an examination of English in Moldova. Specifically, the position of English in the country can be sated from different points of view. The writer’s procedural development of this book is a critical study of the specific components of English in Moldova. There are two major drivers of English in Moldova as identified by Matthew Ciscel. These are opportunism and imperialism (Ciscel, 2002, p.404). The writer follows revolutionary times across history to draw the trend of English in Moldova, with opportunism appearing superior to imperialism. A comparison of past and present social, economic and political trends in the local and international arena paves way to the actual cont ext of English in Moldova. Opportunism is a situation where individuals and /or groups take advantage of emerging opportunities without necessarily taking into account the consequences of those opportunities to others. In other words, these individuals and/or groups maximize their own benefits without prior consideration of the rest of the people. Imperialism on the other hand depicts a colonial-like aspect between one state and another. The author’s main argument is that the above two factors have shaped English in Moldova. This statement may stand challenged, but of course the author had taken this into account during the early stages of developing his book. Ciscel therefore undertook surveys, collecting and analysing relevant data to back up this claim. This was done in the light of world English trends. As aforementioned, the international language is predominantly English. This has suppressed other major world languages around the world. This trend was however expected r ight from the colonial times. This is because major colonies in the world were colonized by English states, for example Britain. The book Linguistic opportunism and English in Moldova therefore takes into account this and other world aspects to highlight linguistic concerns and interests in Moldova. The writer’s intent to the reader is to present how linguistics has constituted exploitation and beneficial opportunities for a few at the expense of many. In this regard, English in Moldova has been integrated into the same context, encompassing imperialism as well. This effort has not been pursued without the support of other works that have been referenced in Ciscel’s book. The investigation of the role of English in Moldova by Matthew Ciscel is backed up by Phillipson’s (1992) and Krachu’s (1985) works. Concepts of linguistic opportunism and linguistic imperialism are highlighted. The work of Krachu goes a step ahead and considers the world â€Å"Englishe s† in concentric circles. The works of these three writers converge to the point that English in Moldova among other states in the world is primarily based on the concept of linguistic opportunism. In this regard, linguistic dominance is realized and further enhanced by imperialism in the same context. The evidence used to back up this observation is common to all three. There is data collection, analysis and interpretation in relation to attitude and use of language in Moldova (Ciscel, 2002, p.412). The work of Matthew Ciscel alongside those of the

Literature Search Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literature Search - Assignment Example Totman J; You only have one chance to get it right’: A quantitative study of relatives’ experiences of caring at home for a family member with terminal cancer; Palliative Medicine – 2015,; SAGE Publications Ltd, Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP, United Kingdom. This is a framework approach quantitative study utilizing semi-structured interview, exploring the emotional challenges home caregivers faces in the provision of palliative care. It examines the challenges the relatives undergoes as they manage the pain of the terminally ill patients in London city. The study analyzes care slips systematically with emphasis on the pain scale rating of the patients change throughout the home care period. Either the research approaches the study from the patient perspective rather than the care provider perspective. Based on the research done in Ontario provides insight to pain management as an ethical obligation for palliative care providers. The focus of the study is the patients with HIV and AIDS. It incorporates 126 patients and strictly focuses the care from the patient view of the quality of life at the end of care issues. It also explores to the receiving adequate pain management as a measure to prolongation of life. The researcher utilizes the knowledge that old people form the largest pool of people receiving palliative care then looks at the dosages of various drugs that comfortable relieves pain among the older people. He uses quantitative research to evaluate the prescription criteria of the medicines that patients receive attributed in the palliative care. In this, the researcher concentrates on both experimental and non-experimental research to assess the usage of morphine as a main drug in geriatric pain control. Focusing the research on the people from three geriatric homes, he explores the risk of over dosage and under

Project Paper on Wireless Transmission and Communication Essay

Project Paper on Wireless Transmission and Communication - Essay Example n become a technology that is productive in promoting modest, well remunerated employment and improving economic performance in the developing economies of the world (Noll, 2000). According to Noll (2000), in spite of the economic crash of the global economy over the last five years and the passing of the Internet fizz, these queries remain fundamental to the regulators. This is because ITC has become a reality of life in all realms of economic activity. Nearly all organizations use computers and most of them have an Internet connection. Furthermore, a great percentage of these organizations use computers networks for economic rationales, such like selling and outsourcing of goods and services and buying. However, in spite of the far ranging dissemination of ICT in developing economies, questions remain about the effect of the technology on job-generation and economic development. The cumulative denominator of in all these decades has been the slow transit of related technologies from innovator perceptions that could distribute products and services of these technologies more dynamically than their originators by merit of labor cost advantage. Pakistan is situated in South Asia neighboured by Afghanistan, China, Iran, and India. Pakistan is the 7th most populated nation in the world with a population of 160 million. It is a middle income with per capita income of US$846 and the nation has recorded a nominal GDP expansion of seven percent over the past five years. In spite of the political instability that the country has never witnessed during 2007 between ruling military government and numerous political and social classes, Pakistan has accomplished success in mobile telecommunications. The telephone diffusion rate per capita shifted from 4 percent in 2000 to 58 percent in 2007 because of over triple figure expansion during past few years. This growth from 19990 when the first mobile certification was issued to just two private companies in Pakistan. The

WiFi RealTime Location Tracking Systems Essay Example for Free

WiFi RealTime Location Tracking Systems Essay Wrireless networks has affected large and small companies alike. While Radia Frequency Identification (RFID) tags based networks have gained popularity over the years, there are also other wireless networks available that are being tested in order to provide same functionality and more. Wi-Fi and blue tooth are two of the examples of such networks. This short paper discusses the use of Wifi. Wi-Fi Networks WiFi generally comes under the umberalla of RFID. WiFi ID is actually an active RFID system that uses the air communication standard 802. 11. There are also other active RFID systems that use standards other than 802. 11 and operate on different frequencies. One of the important aspect of this scenerio is to understand thje difference between the RFID tags and Wifi tags. RFID Tags vs. WiFi Tags In order to use passive RFID tags, you need to have reader after every few feets to read the tag. For active RFID tags a radio sensor needs to be deployed that uses different technologies to sense the tags in order to determine the location of the tag. Antennas are also required. This means that you need to built an infrastructure to deploy both types of systems. Like Best Buy is doing. When you are using a WiFi based system that are aslo called Real Time Location Systems (RTLS), you only need to set up the WifFi network in the company and can use any underlying technology in order to make it work. RFID tags can also be used here, but adavnatge is that you dont need to set up the RFID network infratsurcture that you needed to incorporate before. In RFID tags, for short range identfication, High frequency tag is used and for short range identification, active UHF tags are used that operate on 900 MHz or 433 MHz. Both these type, as discussed require a complete insfrastructure to be built. However, WiFi operates on 2. 4 GHz. These 2. 4 GHz can be used in the network. For a company like BestBuy, choosing WiFi has an extra advantage that it will already have 802. 11 network infrastructures in place and this will save money for the company. The only things they need to buy are the WiFi tags. Applications The WiFi network infrastructure can provide many application to the companies like BestBuy and some of them include location-based network access, intelligent information management and wireless asset tracking. The WiFi tags can exactly point out the location of the tag. This can also mean that customer walking into the store can have the contents on his PDA according to the position where he is standing. Statistical reports can be generated n the basis of information of how much time a customer spends at a particular location and what consequences this can have using data mining techniques. Once the tagging has helped a customer locate items and a shopping list has been completed, the system can store this list for future reference to the particular customer. The underlying software can prepare a probable list of items for that particular customer. Another important application of WiFi tags can be theft prevention. For example, if a certain item is to be protected, the system will attach a flag to it whenever it is taken from the shelf and added to a cart. The system can then track the item until it reaches the check out line. If the item does not reach the check out line and leaves the store, it will be an indication of a theft and action can be taken against the customer. Therefore, the WiFi network can be employed for security of valuable assets as well. Therefore, WiFi tags can be used beyond item tracking systems such as inventory control systems to easily manage large inventory. References ABI Research. (2006, October 23). Active RFID and Wi-Fi in the RTLS Market: Asset Management for Automotive, Defense, Healthcare, and Transportation Vertical Markets. Retrieved March 13, 2008 from http://www. abiresearch. com/products/ market_research/Active_RFID_and_Wi-Fi_in_the_RTLS_Market Garfinkel,S. Rosenberg, B. (2005) RFID: Applications, Security, and Privacy, Addison Wesley Professional. Kowalke,M. (2006, October 23). RFID vs. WiFi for Hospital Inventory Tracking Systems. Retrieved March 13, 2008 from http://blog. tmcnet. com/ wireless-mobility/rfid-vs-wifi-for-hospital-inventory-tracking-systems. asp RFID Radio. (2007, July 17). Episode 005 Making Business Sense of Real Time Location Systems (RTLS). Retrieved March 13, 2008 from http://www. rfidradio. com/? p=12 Sullivan, L. (2005, October 17). InformationWeek. BEST BUYS SPIN ON RFID. Retrieved March 13, 2008 from http://www. informationweek. com/ story/showArticle. jhtml? articleID=172300921

The Difference Between Training And Development

The Difference Between Training And Development According to the text, it can be seen the distinction among training and development, such as description base on the case make us enable to acquire a better perspective about the meaning of the terms. Training refers to the imparting specific skill with the acquisition of knowledge in order for a person to carry out in a specific task or job. Also with the training process there are some advantages that bring on into a company such as: Improving class and amount of employees in their output Increase the ownership in the businesses, creating on them a stronger link with the company (Tesco) Becoming more organized, productive and flexible and more able to face new needs in internal and external situations Makes feel the employee more loyal, committed to the organization by educating him about by culture, philosophy and policies from the organization. Coming out with new abilities and skills in all employees such as empower staff, better standards. Development it is more about helping the person grow and extend their abilities; refers to the learning opportunities designed to help employees to grow (K. Aswathappa 194p) It can be seen that in tesco as an example they share responsibilities among training and development, because each trainee is responsible for his or her own development, causative to their personal development. Also the development its a process that work out together between employee and managers, creating an interaction where the manager its the one that will help the employee to achieve certain goals, but also more responsibilities on the trainee. In the development process are more focus in the personality of and individual, where its continuous, generating an internal motivation where the people will be ready to meet his future needs. It is very important to analyze that tesco adopts the needs of the customers, reading then in the way that they could satisfy them, giving them what they want. In this way its important to see, how tesco is expanding and having more diversity in their merchandise trying to provide to the customers in all the ways, such as airlines, banking, electrical goods, insurance, and so on. Also they are creating the possibility t give them the possibility of one stop shopping, get whatever they want (the times100, 1 case study) So because of the widening markets that they have, its very important that they need to have a well trainee staff that can recognize the needs of their customer. Also with the training, they improve the knowledge and their skills for the job making for them a muck more qualify worker than can be able to provide the best service. As every body now tesco is a very large company, that is making a lot of openings every day, and where all their store are not located in the same areas, and does not have the same customers, for this reason they use the market segmentation to identify, analyze the market, therefore they can realize what is the demand and the goods that the customer want getting this from the customer profile, with this they can be ahead to see what they would need and what kind of employees will fit more or even what training the will need to provide to be more productive in the businesses and give the best service. 3.0 METHOD LIST THE METHODS OF TRAINING CARRIED OUT BY TESCO. DESCRIBE HOW TRAINING NEEDS ARE INDETIFY Tesco offers two different training methods, which give the possibility to then employee to explore their abilities and take the best for it. On the job training: this is by the far the most important training method, under this method training takes place in the normal work location, he new employee its allocate to a specific job, he or she its instructed by an experience worker or by a special supervisor who explain him how the things work, with this method the employees does not only learn how to work under guidance also produce goods, its inexpensive, also relate the employee with the environment in the workplace (P C Reddy, P C Tripathi 196p) In tesco there are some steps that it will be describe: Shadowing: working together with the managers, learning how to do the things Coaching: trying to help the people out into situation of any kind to work thought to get some solutions. Mentoring: guide and advise new employees Job rotation: basically is when the employee has the opportunity to move around into the different branches to get new skills and get more experience. Also this method give some advantages to the company like: cheaper than others method to the company. Manager can observe the improve of the employees and also can solve issues The employee during the training period is producing goods or working, so its productive for the company. The employee can show what she or he learns and put that in practice. Off the job training: its more focus in training in specific skills or for the individual development in certain areas such as, team building, communication and so. Also it is provide with some external courses that brings the opportunities to tescos staff the possibility to learn and gain more knowledge from expert and professional people. This method is compose by an: induction start from day one, and its when the managers introduce them to business showing them how its compose, targets etc, giving them the opportunity to learn quickly about the company. According to tesco needs, is a company that is expanding their businesses all around the country and also around the world and analyzing and reading the profile of their customer give them the chance to be ahead while process of marketing, In the other hand the company looks for people with different skills and abilities to be more competitive and deliver a better performance with innovation and new products. With the idea of hire people of different backgrounds, show to the people that tesco is a place where everybody can fit and also expose to the people that is a place where they can fin people from everywhere that can bring some ideas, get closer to the people giving them a nice service make them happy to have them back. 4.0 COMPARISON ANALYSE TESCOS METHOD OF DEVELOPING ITS EMPLOYEES.CONSIDER THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF SUCH A PROGAMME. As is well know tesco has development programs that help people out to get involve in the company and is base of this points: -According to the strategy of the company and what they needs are, they concur to create ways to achieve those aims. -Also another important point is the attendance at those courses that the employee is in, it is very important being that because is easy to get in use to with the work environment. -Recording the performance of the employee makes much more easier to see their improve in the process, giving to the manager or guide -With the advises of what they have done, its helpful in the way that it can be uses as a re feeding for the employee to realize how are they doing right or wrong. So with this method the company provide full support to all the employees, in all the topics and areas, because as they said Recruiting new staff its more expensive than retaining new staff (the times100, 2009,Tesco case study) It can be said, development programmers also usually includes elements of planned study and experience, and frequently supported by a coaching or counseling facility (D, Nickson, 154p). Following this it can be seen that this method has some strengths and weaknesses that help in the process of the employee to success or to fail, whether the companies can provide the all program but also depends on the employee, according to this it will be show the characteristics: Gives the opportunity to the employee to get growth in abilities of leading, managing, and working in the shop whit the advantage to get operation skills. Offer to people apprenticeship or encouraging the studying or planning for a qualification whilst at work (Tesco) With this program their employees could be more productive and valuable to the company in long term, whit this actions, they can give secure and confident to their employee, showing them that they are important for the company and motivating them, so they will understand how useful they are for the company. Helping the people to learn much more quickly how to do the jobs guiding them. Improve the performance of the employee at work keeping them update with all the new staff. Also this can be a good way to attract good workers, that ones nice and good work expectations But in other hand this program has some disadvantages that can be attach to this plan such as the budget that they have to spent, because those programmers could be out of their, or in the other they might have the problem that people would not sing in the courses making the company just waste the money. Mix of knowledge, as all now development is the process to help people to grow and extend their abilities, but people can bring their old baggage so that could create misunderstandings with the others, implementing their old or previous knowledge that might fit or not in the new place. Time, it is a factor that is important to remark, being an essential part of any process , because some companies are not able to wait until the employees learn, understand and get ready, so it will become a fight against time, so does it play a significant role. 5.0 BENEFITS EVALUATE THE BENEFITS FOR TESCO IN PROVIDING A STRUCTURED TRAINING PROGRAMME.TO WHAT EXTEN DO YOU THINK THE TRAINING HAS ACHIEVED A RETURN ON INVESMESNT. Tescos programs have been created with the aim of train and develop their staff, and with it, gives the chance to monitoring and evaluated their process according to their performance. As it can be seen this method bring the opportunity to see how the performance of the employee is, giving to them a better and solid feedback providing more order a better focus aim and also construct a better confident in the employee making them aware of their performance. Also in the way that with this process they can measure and analyze better what they have done in al their activities such as activities plans, personal development plans, and so. More over about this gives the chance to expand their view and have a wide vision in the way that other department can give a feedback, so they can improve and do better performance in the case that they might need. Has interaction between management and employee during their training giving them the possibility to express themselves. The aim of training its t improve knowledge and skills in an individuals changing their attitudes, it is one of the most important potential motivators, with it can lead to so many benefits in training(J. Mullins 489P) such as: Motivate the staff, raising their confident and commitment the more to the company, obtaining from them a better performance. Give them the chance to have a career progression also with the felling of personal achievement, so the training will provide them with the chance to get recognition and also progress and see what they have done. Helping them out also to progress and develop their abilities, skills and knowledge by giving them the right tools. Its morally wrong to give a leadership role without some of training wring from them and those who work with them J.Adair. The path to leadership I do think that all companies do the training with the aim invest in themselves and also in people, as it can be seen that now everything and markets are more competitive they need to make the difference, and how this can be possible? By giving them the opportunities to improve, be better, teach them, and after all evaluate them and use what they have learned, making all the process go trough. So I do think that afterwards the training process is when the company will see the results for all what they have done for their staff that later on will give back with their job and productivity. 6.0 CONCLUSION to summarized this report it can be seen that tesco and any other company needs to have the right training being that is an important lever to bring improvement, changes to the company and staff. Also it can be seen how tesco focus in their staff trying to provide to them the best and the most qualify training with the aim of expand their business but also with the concern that first need to have the right people, to the right job at in the right moment, and how this can be possible, whit the right an adequate training and development program. 7.0 REFRENCES Aswathappa, K (2005) Human resource and personal management. Mc Graw Hill. (pp195) P C Tripathi P N Reddy (2008) Principals of management, Mc Graw Hill (pp196) D Nickson (2002) Human resource management for the hospitality and tourism industries, Elsevier (pp 154) Tesco(2009) How training and development support business growth The time 100, 2009 L J Mullins (2009) Management and organizational behaviour Prentice Hall, (pp489,)

Health Care Access for Maori and non-Maori

Health Care Access for Maori and non-Maori Health care access and opportunities for Maori and non-Maori   Assessment 1 individual INTRODUCTION It can be said that; ‘Of all form of inequality, inequalities in health care the most inhuman of all’. This assessment is concerned with social, economic, political and historical factors which contributed to health status of Maori and non-Maori. Inequalities and disparities in health status comes are considerable. So there is a dramatic difference between Maori and non-Maori health status due to many reasons such as poor nutrition, lowest income, inappropriate education system, culture, language, loss of lands, unhygienic foods and many more. The recommendation in this assignment focus on different factors related to health of Maori and non-Maori people. In which to identify the biggest causes the poor health status and better understand the casual path linking of social, political, economic and historical factors. There is wide disparities in health exist among people in New Zealand. Treaty of Waitangi The treaty established a British governor of New Zealand, which recognised Maori ownership of their lands and other properties. The treaty of Waitangi is first signed in 6th February 1840 by British crown. Around 530-540 chiefs, at least 13 of them women, signed the treaty of Waitangi. The English and Maori version of treaty different, so there is no consensus .the Maori believed they ceded to the crown a right of governance for protection without giving up their authority to manage their own affair. There is following views which contributed to inequalities and disparities in Maori and non Maori health status; Social Review Social status is based on occupation, education and life style of Maori and non-Maori people which is key determinant of health. There is a combination of materials like poverty in which includes poor housing, poor nutrition and stress caused by low social health status results in health inequalities. As a social factor, lifestyle is most dominant cause of inequality because the Maori has different lifestyle than non-Maori. In which cancer is single biggest cause of death in Maori due to taking of smoking and exposure to second hand smoke. Apart from this, it is noticed that the Maori women were twice as likely to smoke as women of non-Maori population. so the excessive smoking may lead to lung and breast cancer in Maori people. Moreover other associated factors are excessive alcohol consumption and more exposure to sun which contribute to bad health status. In addition nutritional habits also put great impact on health status of Maori and non-Maori. The Maori has poor nutritional ta ke and also more obese than non-Maori. So obesity is very dangerous for health that may lead many other health problems and dangerous diseases which may even lead to death. Furthermore heart diseases and genetic components are major factors that associated their lifestyle in which Maori people has low physical activity and poor nutrition intake influence the health. In addition to it, the use of mental health services served in 2002 was more in Maori rather than other islanders. Maori have high admission rate to mental hospitals and the diagnose and aetiology behind the mental disorder was related to their lifestyle like alcohol and drug consumption because drugs are directly affecting on brain nerves and a person becomes mentally week which can make is mind unstable and he is a way of any understanding due to the effect of drugs. Moreover unsafe sexual habits, gambling and participate in dangerous activity are also a case of bad health status on Maori people. In brief social conditions are particularly important in determining health of people because when a social environment is supportive then great influence on health. At last it can be said that poor nutrition, bad lifestyle, disruption, urbanisation, inappropriate education and poor nutrition intake lead to inequalities and disparities between Maori and non-Maori population. Economic Review There are number of survey has been done to recognise the economic factor that contribute to the health status of Maori and non-Maori. The economic level is very different of Maori and non-Maori people that may affect the health of both populations. It has been showed that non Maori men have more income than Maori. The low income people have not sufficient money for the treatment of disease because in new island income inequalities have been increased in late 1980 and 1990. This standard of living is some degree of hardship and fall in unemployment. Beside this loss of shelter, food and land are important determinant that may lead bad health effect on Maori people. The Maori population has no access of telephone, not receiving a man texting benefits, low income, illiteracy, overcrowded housing and even not living in their own home. So in this way Maori health status is very low as compared to non-Maori. It is also suggested that inequalities in income also contribute in death rates. Furthermore, decline of Maori population in 18th and 19thcentury of colonisation. It is also believe that impact of colonisation in such a way like loss of land, houses, food, culture and language may lead to bad status on health 0of Maori people. Furthermore, racial factor is also contributed in inequalities. It can be understood by low qualification rate of Maori people because western education system was not appropriate for Maori. Maori and the reason behind this was other cause is unemployment in which seen that Maori have high rate of unemployment than non-Maori were lived in rural and natural places. Last but not the least cause under economic factor is poor health delivery care service to Maori people. So at the end it can be include that colonisation, loss of land, literacy, and overcrowded housing leaded negative effect on Maori health status. Historical view In view of history the Maori people lived in rural areas or small town. The ancestor of Maori was illiterate and had no value of education. So in this way their children have also not went to school and unaware about value and need of education. The rate of school completion in 2001 was very low in Maori group (30.5%) as compared to non-Maori (52.4%).as a result of rate of unemployment was twice than European part. Apart from this, from a decades and century the Maori was very prone to many ischemic heart disease, lung cancer, liver cancer and diabetes which all diseases may be seen in hereditary form also. In addition, most of Maori was prone to physical disabilities that may put great impact on Maori health. The other reason behind inequalities of health status in Maori and non-Maori people was old education system. Before 1840s, the Maori children only learnt language, skills in fishing, mat-making, hunting, gardening, cooking and many more which only related to Maori. But after 1840s many schools were established by European missionaries and forced Maori children to attend ordinary schools. But Maori children did not reach an acceptable level of European education and consequently, Maori students leave the school early. So in this way they were illiterate and unemployed which resulted that they were not participated in health care services and self-health care that may lead to high mortality rate in Maori population than non-Maori. In addition, bad and negative perception regarding hospital was one of reason of inequalities in Maori and non-Maori. There was hospital system proven ineffective in Maori population because nonetheless, thirteen Maoris patient were died from 1849-1851 and these deaths had negative effect on Maori perception. They concluded that ‘hospitals had a bad name among Maoris, they were thought of as places where one went to die’. Political view The politics has great impact on Maori and non-Maori health during the 1990s there was broad agreement between major political parties that settlement of historical claim was appropriate, in recent years it has become the subject of heightened debate. According to have Mann (1999) in 1848 -1863 the whole land of South Island by unscrupulously purchasing land from Ngai tahu tribe’s .but consequently this leaded to invasion in Waikato and tahini tribes. In case of question about the responsibilities of central government ,more than 80% respondent thought it should be the government role to maintain the standard of living and standard of health so in this way ,it was the government responsibility’s to provide jobs and reduce the income inequalities between Maori and non-Maori during the 1990s there was broad agreement between major political parties that settlement of historical claim was appropriate ,in recent years it has become the subject of heightened debate. According to have Mann (1999) in 1848 -1863 the whole land of South Island by unscrupulously purchasing land from Ngai tahu tribe’s .but consequently this leaded to invasion in Waikato and tahini tribes. In case of question about the responsibilities of central government, more than 80% respondent thought it should be the government role to maintain the standard of living and standard of health so in this way, it was the government responsibility’s to provide jobs and reduce the income inequalities between Maori and non-Maori. Housing The structure of housing is different in Maori and non-Maori population. The Maori people lived in rural areas where all facilities in home were not reached properly. so in asthma. In 2001 air pollution from home heating was associated with almost 1100 premature deaths. so because health status is largely determined by socio economic factors the improvements are mainly influenced by housing quality. Health care access and opportunities for Maori and non-Maori The Maori journeyed to New Zealand via pacific approximately 1000 years and the first recorded accrued in 1769 at the time of James cook from Britain. There is increasing evident that Maori and non-Maori differ in term primary and secondary health care services .in which the Maori less likely to preferred to surgical care and specialist services .other one is the Maori received lower level of health care than expected level of quality hospital. The Maori obtaining necessary care only from local areas as compared to non-Maori. There is another evident from previous study which reported the barrier to assessing the diabetes among Maori and Maori got unsatisfactory care rather than non-Maori population. Moreover, the cost involved for a treatment is also a significant barrier to Maori access to health services. Rights of others and legitimacy of difference This way the Maori people has not proper ventilation and exhausted fan in house which leaded respiratory problems in Maori population. The Maori houses are cold, damp and polluted which leads many problems. The all human being in this world has their own rights according to their culture and religion. So it is important to understand the different rights of others. The first which one is absolute rights which must never be limited in any way even a state of war or emergency. Moreover the right is not to be tortured in an inhumane way. Other one is non- absolute which can be limited in certain circumstance. Under this right the all people have right to liberty can be limited include being sent to jail if commit any crime. In which non- absolute the qualified right is that to respect for private and family life, right to freedom of expression, thought, and religion. LEGITIMACY; is a popular acceptance of an authority. It is a value whereby something or someone is recognised and accepted as right and proper. In which include different people has their different rational values, customs and habits.Morover every person have their own ideas or charisma of leader. Apart from this, government institution establishes and enforces law and order in the public interest. The legitimacy of intergroup status differences has profound effects on attitude, emotions and behaviour. In 143 hospitals organization noticed the effects in two forms managerial and technical. Results shows that both the managerial and technical forms provided notable improvement in survival chances. The power relationship in healthcare; The health care providers and practitioner play a vital role in power relationship .they are the persons which provide the health care in all level of health and all category of people either poor and rich, Maori and non Maori there was a strong evidence of a dose –response relationship between Maori and non Maori and racial discrimination in health care centres. The Maori was 10 times more likely to experience multiple type of discrimination as compared to Europeans and others. These results highlight the need for racism to be considered to eliminate ethic inequalities in health care. In health care setting the nurses identifying the power relationship between the services provider and the people who use the services. the care provider must an emphasis health gains and positive health outcome because all people has different in age, gender, sexual orientation, occupation and socioeconomic status, ethnic origin or migrant experience, religious or spiritual belief, disability. The nurse accepts and sorts alongside others after undergoing a careful process ofpower relationship .the health care provider concern about quality improvement in service delivery and consumer rights. Moreover health care provider resolves any tension between the cultures of nursing and the people using the services. Beside this, accepting the legitimacy of difference and diversity in human behaviour and social structure. So at last but not least it must needed to understand that such power imbalances can be examined, negotiated and changed to provide equitable, effective, efficient and acceptable service delivery, which minimises risk to people who might otherwise be alienated from the service. Conclusion All above review has been evident for disparities and inequalities in health care between Maori and non-Maori. There is complex factor complex of factors associated with historical, social, economic, housing, and political views for access to The all above review has been evident for disparities and inequalities in health care health care that also underpinned by racism which leads ethics inequalities. Although study has reported how the uses of health care services in Maori and non Maori population at the different level and different way. So it is a combination approaches which meet the different views and cultural safety is one of the indigenous nursing approach which response to inequalities for Maori. References The British Institute of Human right.(2013).Human right tool kit. Different right –a balancing act? London ,U.K.Retrived from www.bihr.org.uk/human-right-in-action/chapter-3-different-rights-a balancing act. Jansen,P.,Bacal,K.,Crengel,S.(2008).He Ritenga Whakaaro:Maori experience of health services.Retrieved from http://www.nzdoctor.co.nz/media/6399/He-ritenga-Whakaaro.pdf. Jansen ,P., Smith,K.(2006).Maori experience of Primary healthcare:Breaking down the barriers.New Zealand Family Physician,33(5),298-300.Retrieved from http://www.rnzcgp.org.nz/assests/documents/Publications/Archive-NZFP/Oct-2006-NZFP-Vol-33-No-5/JansenOct06.pdf JaspinderkaurPage 1

Similarities between Business & Military Strategy Essay -- War and Bus

The Art of War and todays business have many common characteristics. Sun Tzu has analyzed war from different angles like moral laws, time period, chances of life and death, skills of the commander and the maintaince of the army. The same analyses can be made for todays business environment. War is a position where only the strong have the ability to survive, or at least the stronger ones have the higher probability to survive. Similarly todays business environment and the character of business people, their agressiveness, motivation, stress are all similar to ancient soldiers and commanders. The comparisons between war and business life are similar in five ways. 'These are the way, the weather, the terrain, the leadership and dicipline.' First of them is the way. In war the way you have to avoid from the strong andstrike at weak. Therefore at the beginning when you want to grow your business you don't neet to challange stronger rivals at first, you have to grow first by challanging the weak rivals in the busin...

Christmas History :: essays research papers

Christmas History The word Christmas comes from the old English "Cristes maesse" meaning Christ's Mass. The Holiday celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. The actual birthday of Jesus is not known; therefore, the early Church Fathers in the 4th century fixed the day around the old Roman Saturnalia festival (17 - 21 December), a traditional pagan festivity. The first mention of the birthday of Jesus is from the year 354 AD. Gradually all Christian churches, except Armenians who celebrate Christmas on January 6 (the date of the baptism of Jesus as well as the day of the three Magi), accepted the date of December 25th. In American/English tradition, Christmas Day itself is the day for opening gifts brought by jolly old St. Nick. Many of our current American ideals about the way Christmas ought to be, derive from the English Victorian Christmas, such as that described in Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol." The caroling, the gifts, the feast, and the wishing of good cheer to all - these ingredients came together to create that special Christmas atmosphere. The custom of gift-giving on Christmas goes back to Roman festivals of Saturnalia and Kalends. The very first gifts were simple items such as twigs from a sacred grove as good luck emblems. Soon that escalated to food, small items of jewelry, candles, and statues of gods. To the early Church, gift- giving at this time was a pagan holdover and therefore severely frowned upon. However, people would not part with it, and some justification was found in the original gift giving of the Magi, and from figures such as St. Nicholas. By the middle ages gift giving was accepted. Before then it was more common to exchange gifts on New Year's Day or Twelfth Night. Santa Claus is known by British children as Father Christmas. Father Christmas, these days, is quite similar to the American Santa, but his direct ancestor is a certain pagan spirit who regularly appeared in medieval mummer's plays. The old-fashioned Father Christmas was depicted wearing long robes with sprigs of holly in his long white hair. Children write letters to Father Christmas detailing their requests, but instead of dropping them in the mailbox, the letters are tossed into the fireplace. The draft carries the letters up the chimney, and theoretically, Father Christmas reads the smoke. Gifts are opened Christmas afternoon. From the English we get a story to explain the custom of hanging stockings from the mantelpiece. Father Christmas once dropped some gold coins while coming down the chimney. The coins would have fallen through the ash grate and been

Juanita Plateros Chees Daughter: Characters Environment Reveals A Gr

Juanita Platero's "Chee's Daughter": Character's Environment Reveals A Great Deal About Personality A characters environment reveals a great deal about his personality. In Chee's Daughter by Juanita Platero and Siyowin Miller this theory is displayed. In this story a young Navajo Indian girl is taken from her home by her deceased mother's parents. Two different environments which reflect values and personalities are conflicting. A young traditional Navajo,Chee , and a non- traditional Navajo businessman, Old Man Fat , fight over Chee's daughter, Little One. The two distinctly different settings in this story reflect the personalities of the protagonist,Chee , and the antagonist Old Man Fat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chee's setting reflects his caring nature. He shows this by caring for the la...

My Feeling as a Filipino Essay

I am very proud to be a Filipino! From the centuries that passed, a lot of nations have admired the Filipino people, for being industrious, brave, talented, resourceful, these are only a few of the traits that a lot of other people and nations admired the Filipinos for. But although we have been complimented in many fields, none of us or only a handful of us are well known for it. We as a people never stop and think â€Å"what can I do for this country†. There have been notable personalities that have done this but a lot of us have always taken it for granted. One other notable Filipino trait is ingenuity; we have had a lot of inventors that have blossomed in the Philippines, one such inventor that is well known around the world is Agapito Flores, the inventor of the fluorescent light. This invention, should it have been recognized by the government would have been one of the best ways that we could have paid our national debt and would have increased the status of the Philippines as a nation, if it was manufactured here in the Philippines, but the government took it for granted. Another field that we really should have exceeded in is agriculture. A lot of the Asian countries have learned their agricultural knowledge from the Philippines, yet we keep importing these goods from them, one such country is Thailand; they are very proud to say that they learned their agricultural knowledge from the Philippines, one notable goods is the Thai Rice, that specific breed of rice was made in the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Los Baà ±os, Laguna, yet we are the one importing that specific rice crop from that country to ours. So my question is †¦ Why is it that our government seems to be a reactive kind of government and not a proactive one? Why is it that the Filipino, as a people, seems to practice, what I call the â€Å"I† syndrome? Why is it that we put ourselves on top of everything else rather than a part of a nation? Why is it that other nations and or people recognize what we have and we don’t? Why is it that we turn a blind eye to the problems of our society? Why is it that we are so caught up with what â€Å"I† want and what â€Å"I† need that we fail to see what’s really happening to us as a nation? I AM  PROUD TO BE A FILIPINO and I still believe that we can make it as a nation, but I’m afraid that if we don’t change our outlook of ourselves as a people, we will succeed as an individual but fail miserably as a nation.

Persian Society: 1673-1677 Essay

Jean Chardin was a educated son of a French jeweler. Chardin was a well-known European motivateer of Persia in 17th century who produced substantial literary works on Persian golf-club. In his contain Travel to Persia, Chardin describes the Persians as those who spend their currency without cargon as soon they lose it with no thought spared to their future needs. As soon as they lay their work force on some money, they either deal slaves, hire wives, set up a well-equipped carriage, furnish a ho rehearse high and/or dress sumptuously (185).The Persians are characterized as kind, generous, and helpful to strangers, abhor flake and worship Gods name. They are vigilant approximately the education of their children, they send their children twice a day to instruct and after school they keep them involved in their trading and profession. They keep eunuchs to monitor their children strictly, non allowing them to go out on streets and to meet the relatives altogether with a e unuch serving as chaperone. At the age of sixteen, they marry their children pip and do not allow them travel before they turn twenty (188-189).Chardin nevertheless elaborates that Persian men visit recent women if their wives are over thirty and their wives, if they hold out pregnant early, get their fetus aborted because of idolatry of waning interest of their husbands. This situation did takings in a decrease in their population. They are very civilized good deal but their behavior also encompasses forbid characteristics too such as use of coarse and vulgar language, cheating, lying and much breaking promises (129-130).According to Chardin, They are not to be trusted in service, nor in all other engagements (187). Thus Chardin has represent the conflicting character of Persian society in his book by stating that, Whoever sees them sole(prenominal) passing by, or in a visit, will always give them the lift out character in the world, but he that deals with them and prie s into their affairs will find that in that location is little honesty in them (188).

Cultural Differences in Business Essay

I have read a awful lot about the cultural differences between Asia and the United States. I have talked to some of my Asian acquaintances here in Okinawa. There are quite a crafty few cultural differences in the business other worlds in Hong Kong wired and the States.In the states, employees have stronger such feelings about and opinions of the intrinsic contracts of a business.There what are particular gaps regarding good-byes logical and greetings.In the United States we tend to be few more aggressive and have strong opinions rather than suggestions.In non Hong Kong, they believe that extrinsic contracts how are everything. They believe as long as they have a strong front and public image then there business free will succeed. This is a good thing when it comes to american public images because if you look such like you have a strong business print then the public will not professional know any different.Cross-cultural differences have again logical and again been identified a s the impediment to successful ventures and jobs.

such Plenty of businesses are extremely pet-friendly and it is extremely common to observe puppies lounging by their proprietor toes at restaurants.Since the parties have to comprehend each much better Company gets secondary.Language has technological how people speak with strangers, relatives, authority figures, and peers.Diversity is.

.Cultural great diversity has come to be good essential in the world today.It supports the new idea that each person can create a more positive and unique contribution to the society as a result, rather than in spite of.Lots of individuals interact and interact to a group of women and other men in another culture.

As different as civilizations are, there how are a slew of similarities.Many cultures frown upon own showing the base of the shoe.Learning from various cultures is beneficial.A great scarcity of cultural understanding can result.

My Life Goals

Pete Blankenship Mr. Letz side of meat ci 25 folk 2012 My look Goals Im cardinal twelvemonths grizzly and my natal day is on February 23, 1994. My detect is doubting Thomas Earl Blankenship IV, simply I go by Pete. I am from Mobile, aluminium and I go mischievous on choose behind River. I vie soccer, basketb any, and ran pass over artless in postgraduateer(prenominal) trail. soccer is my favourite(a) entertainment and the ag convention I was on in spicy initiate win the nominate deed twice, and I got named close to valu open rooker the refinement(prenominal) cardinal seasons. I pret chiffonier cardinal atomic brothers Murray(17) and Jack(14). I in any case postulate an ripened baby Katherine(24). beingness the oldest boy in the family is challenge some clock save its a indebtedness that I whop to hand.I accompanied a military high naturalise called UMS-Wright, and their scratch of s focus was genuinely strict. My heart get al ong is medicine and my last fancy is to make place a act of medicine sliceufacturer in Nashville, Tennessee. My cultures on a brief destination outmatch for this semester be in the obtainning academic, emotional, spectral, and in the flesh(predicate)ised/professional. By the hold on of this semester I go away pick out amass a g. p. a. of a 3. 5 or higher. To do this I pass on live to enforce up nights with fri arrests and partying, nevertheless I take it pass on all be expense it. I sine qua non to dress a fantastic recuperate academically. My genius and break value-system be what I recall allow for come across me the c atomic number 18er survival of the fittest that i desire.A nonher address I impart confuse acquired by the end of the semester is to shape a radical of populate that I shadow monkey melody with and practice my record abilities with. I wishing to do this because symphony is the bang of my storage atomic numbe r 18a- clock and without it I hark back I would be depressed. Its excessively soon to break up if career without unison effectuate me emotionally or spiritually because it has scarce been a fewer weeks in college, that it has been something that forget everlastingly repair me up in bad times and relieves strive when I am whim overwhelmed. I necessitate to find muckle to play with to grasp my personal culture of comme il faut a practice of medicine maker in Nashville.A remnant on a spiritual aim is to modernize significanter in my combine with deli really boy. I regulate about always been a relatively sacred person, except I pose notice that when I am not being make by my pargonnts to arrange my prayers and go to perform it is some(prenominal) harder to do so. later on climax to the recognition that a race with deliverer is something that I mean I posit to be truly happy, I fill a set a goal to go to my fraternities intelligence theme al l week and to drive tone ending to Campus Crusade. By the end of the category my goals argon to excite the year with a minimum 3. 5 G. P. A. to arrive a dramatic art taciturn and devour selected roommates that I weigh leave behind founder me as a person, to be possessed of achieved at least(prenominal) 80 hours of club serve well, and to be playacting with a pot for bullion. I remove to goal with a large(p) G. P. A. because grades are signifi dealt to me and are a miserable symbolization of your calculate ethic, so that my suck in looks rise decent to get the interviews and opportunities that I desire. I demand to lay d k presentlyledge 80 service hours to contribute an neat and beneficent resume. I overly lack to be a roofy more than(prenominal) economical with my cash and begin playacting gigs for money to enlighten an income and run low more responsible.I besides extremity to fuck off original and be on the way to an internship in N ashville, Tennessee that I was offered last summer. These lowest goals I con move to be entire by the time I am 45 old age old. I go away have a bantam family in Mobile, Alabama. I leave behind own a put down studio apartment apartment out of Nashville, Tennessee that I can cover from Mobile. I allow be able to do this because most melody issue can be do online and sent done the cyberspace by means of and by email. I leaveing also be a millionaire by this establish finished impertinent deport investments. I leave behind be know as a man of vulcanized fiber and integrity, with estimable clientele proceeding and strain actions.I pass on be a spiritual drawing card in my family and my community. I will achieve this temper through a strong group of Christian bulk to keep me responsible for my actions. My life goals are very significant to me now that I am in college. I scent practically more cause to watch difficult my better and staying responsib le. straightway that in that location is added instancy to be my better(p) and indoctrinate is not scarcely school now, its fostering for a career. I will do my silk hat to achieve my unequal line goals and broaden to actualise scope on my last goal of owning a written text studio and achieving enjoyment through my take the air with Christ and providing for my family.

How Can Men and Woman Communicate More Effectively Through Technology

How cigargontte manpower and wo workforce spend to a greater extent effectively by means of engineering? * Wo custody argon much communicative when they causa or text, on the other move on workforce bent as communicatory .EX women may persona much than punctuation mark or emoticons * manpower should attack to be communicatory so that it doesnt identical they enduret business concern or to permit the charr distinguish they are audition and condole with nearly what they slang to swear * Or, women should assay to tone of voice it obliterate a deed with the sincerity of everything when everything doesnt call for to be so comminuted or all over kindle for no power * When communication with texts or email, since women prevail to be much expressive they campaign to goop erupt the the160 cuticle nitty-gritty confines (news wise) * work force would believably perceive more if they didnt take up to encounter wind much(prenominal) exte nded texts.Women should plausibly turn out to hold what they befool to vocalise in hardly a(prenominal) quarrel that fluent get their buck across. * The ruff slip counsel of conference would ostensibly be facial expression to suit alone adjoining to that, engineering ilk tittle-tattle room and exacting put across and affectionate networking sites read it easier for resister finish up to call down to separately other. (eCommunications) * Takes forward the stress and public press of talk in person. If these are the slipway men and cleaning lady communicate, they lack to function positive(predicate) that they say about(predicate) the misunderstandings that could happen. To fend off the misinterpretation, men and charwoman should some(prenominal) determine that technology isnt a documentary atrocious way of communicating skilful in case the consentient misinterpretation gets in the center of things and starts drama. * Sources * When Textin g, bailable Women draw out Themselves Better. wordwise News for Journalists, evoke run dissemination for national Relations. inch University. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. <http//www. newswise. com/articles/when-texting-eligible-women-express-themselves-better>. * best ship canal to express through Technology. ECommunications. ECommunications. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. <http//efunsoft. com/best-ways-to-communicate-through-technology. htm>.